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Eustache Antoine Francois Joseph Louis Borno (September 20, 1865 – July 29, 1942) was a lawyer (law degree earned in 1890 at the Faculty of Paris) and Haitian politician who served as President of Haiti from 1922 to 1930 during the period of the American occupation of Haiti (1915–34). Borno was of mulatto heritage, being the son of a white French father and a black Haitian mother.〔Philip (1992), p. 267〕 == Nationalist minister == In 1899, he was a diplomat in the Dominican Republic; then, in 1908, he served as Minister of Foreign Affairs for President Pierre Nord Alexis. The country of Haiti, devastated by internecine conflicts and the mismanagement of its leaders, was looked upon as a strategically vital location by the United States at the onset of World War I. The U.S. had extended its influence throughout the Caribbean and Latin America following the construction of the Panama Canal by invoking the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. In 1914, the United States under President Woodrow Wilson presented a project for the control of customs and finances of Haiti. Borno, then Foreign Minister of President Joseph Davilmar Théodore, refused. The United States responded by confiscating the reserves of the National Bank of Haiti. On 28 July 1915, a Haitian mob killed President Vilbrun Guillaume Sam in the legation of France, where he had taken refuge. The same day, U.S. troops landed in the country, restoring order to Port-au-Prince. They organized the election of a new president, Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave, and immediately imposed a protectorate. Borno, appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs, negotiated a U.S. commitment to the economic development of the country and refused to transfer any territory. American contempt and brutality against the local population led to armed revolts in the countryside carried out by "cacos", farmers who had remained armed since the war of independence and were imbued with a culture of rebellion. U.S. troops claimed several thousand victims. Embarrassed by media coverage of the war and disappointed at the ineffectiveness of the occupation, U.S. President Warren G. Harding decided in 1922 to improve the level of American administrators and appointed as High Commissioner Major General John H. Russell, Jr.. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Louis Borno」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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